Plague in Madagascar

There is currently an outbreak of pneumonic and bubonic plague in Madagascar.

From 1 August to 27 October 2017, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported 1,554 suspected cases of plague in Madagascar. Of those with suspected plague, 113 have died.

Plague is not uncommon in Madagascar but it is usually restricted to rural areas. The UK Foreign office advises that outbreaks of plague tend to occur mainly during the rainy season, with around 500 cases reported annually. This latest outbreak is of particular concern as there has been an increase in reported cases in urban areas, including Antananarivo, the nation’s capital and largest city.

No vaccines are available to prevent plague. But the United States Centre for Disease Control (CDC) has issued advice on how to prevent plague and how it can be treated with antibiotics if diagnosed early. The CDC goes on to state:

• Use EPA-registered insect repellent that lists protection against fleas on the label and contains at least 25% DEET
• Avoid close contact with sick or dead animals
• Avoid close contact with seriously ill people, especially people who are coughing up blood
• Notify a health care provider if in close contact with people with plague pneumonia.

Useful and up to date information can be found on the UK Travel Health Pro website:

https://travelhealthpro.org.uk/country/134/madagascar#CIoutBreaks

The website includes links to the weekly bulletins issued by the WHO regional office for Africa.

Infected persons usually have flu-like symptoms within seven days of contact. If symptoms do appear, seek medical attention immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential.